Tuesday, 6 December 2016

We’re from one African migration

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

Scientists from Harvard Medical School and the city-based Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, along with researchers across the globe, working on ‘The Simons Genome Diversity Project’ have found that all humans have evolved from a single population in Africa.

This social group of humans had migrated in a single exodus to different countries one lakh years ago. The initial fossil study by archaeologists that stated that social life existed only 50,000 years ago has now been corrected by genetic studies.


CCMB scientist Kumaraswamy Thangaraj, considered to be the country’s top population geneticist, and Prof. Lalji Singh were part of the team that sequenced 300 genomes from 142 ethnic populations including the Andamans and a few samples from South India.

CCMB provided genome data
HMS researchers found that the ancestors of modern humans began to differentiate about two lakh years ago, long before the migrating out of Africa. Science journal Nature published the findings online recently, it will come into print next week.

When contacted, Dr Thangaraj said, “We have contributed to the study through the Andamanic genome sequencing which we have been working on. Similarly, several scientists from many countries worked on it and the study is a combination of all this. Throughout the world 300 individual genomes were studied to arrive at a conclusion that humans started out of Africa 100,000 years ago. More details will be revealed in the print.”

New York-based Simon Foundation has announced on its website that the Genome Diversity Project reveals faster accumulation of mutations in non-Africans.

“Analysing genomes from 300 individuals from 142 populations, an international team of scientists has produced an unprecedentedly high-resolution picture of human diversity. With the data, the scientists identified previously unknown features of human genome variation including a difference in the rate at which non-Africans and Africans have accumulated mutations,” stated the foundation on its website.

Mr David Reich, a geneticist at Harvard Medical School and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, led the project. Mr Swapan Mallick, bio-informatic systems director in the Reich Labs, was first author of the study.

According to scientists, the idea that one or a few genetic changes had caused great changes in human behaviour as per archaeological records around 50,000 years ago was not consistent with their data.

The rapid transformations in the behavior of modern humans were probably driven by cultural innovations or exposure to new environments.

Daily Mail UK, quoting the HMS researchers, stated that scientists inferred that the population ancestral to all present-day humans began to develop substructure at least 200,000 years ago.

Ancestral findings
All populations of modern humans found outside of Africa stem from a single ancestral African population.

Evolution of tool-making, hunting, ornamentation and other cultural activities were probably not driven by changes to a single neuronal gene or even a handful of them.

AP DIAMOND BELT IS NOW SUBMERGED

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

Kollur, known as the diamond belt of Andhra Pradesh, has been submerged by the backwaters of the Pulichintala project.

Locals were evacuated after the backwaters submerged many of the villages in both states. “All fields around Kollur have been submerged for the first time. The village, which is at an elevated level, is yet to go under water. Several villages on either side in Guntur and Nalgonda districts are submerged," said Mr G Prasad, assistant engineer, Dr K.L. Rao Sagar, Pulichintala project.

Pulichintala and Gollapalli villages were also submerged. Till recently diamond miners from other states including Gujarat had camped at Kollur.

A total of 26,521 acres including 12,554 in Guntur and 13,966 in Nalgonda have been submerged by the backwaters; the land has been acquired by the respective governments.

According to Ms Pushpa Sambi Reddy, an expert on the history of diamond mining in these parts, 38 diamond mines existed in coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema.

Twenty world famous diamonds were mined from the Kollur-Paritala zone of Guntur and Krishna districts in Andhra Pradesh (popularly called Golconda diamonds). Most of these mines were active till 1830 but were gradually abandoned

Monday, 5 December 2016

5 Hyderabadi wanted suspects hiding in Saudi Arabia, Pakistan

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

Five Hyderabadi terror suspects against whom Interpol red corner notices are pending and are wanted by National Investigation Agency (NIA) in a terror conspiracy case linked to Bengaluru are suspected to be hiding in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan and actively involved in reviving the terror networks. They are also wanted in other terror cases in Hyderabad and Gujarat.

The NIA charge-sheets states that the conspiracy case investigation revealed that the network of terrorists is based in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. Their associates in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra hatched a plan to kill prominent right wing politicians, police officers and journalists in Bengaluru, Hubli, Hyderabad and Nanded.

Magsaysay winner Bezwada Wilson smashed manual scavenging

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

National Convener of Safai Karmachari Andolan (SKA), Mr Bezwada Wilson, conferred the Ramon Magsaysay award on Wednesday for “asserting the inalienable right to a life of human dignity,” worked extensively in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to eradicate manual scavenging. Thanks to SKA’s efforts many people were liberated from the banned task of cleaning dry latrines by carrying night soil away.

Speaking to this newspaper Mr Wilson credited the award to the “thousands of women who courageously threw their basket of caste slavery." “The credit and honour exclusively goes to these women and then to the team of the committee of Safai Karmachari Andolan. I am just an instrument,” he said. The Safai Karmchari Andolan was started in 1995 by the children of those engaged in manual scavenging and spread to over 25 states. Mr Wilson took up the Bhim Yatra in AP and Karnataka with the slogan ‘Leave the Broom, Take the Pen’ and youth of the community got inspired by this.

Regarding the situation of manual scavenging in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, Mr Wilson said “We have demolished several dry latrines. The government also took a stand. However in Kadapa, Kurnool and Anantapur districts dry latrines still exist and the community is still working as manual scavengers. Dry latrines exist in Telangana, too, but less in number. In both the states the problem of manual cleaning of sewer lines and septic tanks is severe and need to be addressed to. Last year we launched a movement with karyakarthas in AP and Telangana. In six months we are expecting some results. There were several deaths during the manual cleaning of sceptic tanks, reported in AP and Telangana, where we have fought for compensation.”

Mr Wilson hails from the same community and witnessed his parents and grandparents having to do manual scavenging. The Ramon Magsaysay citation for Mr Wilson reads: “Fifty years old, Bezwada Wilson has spent 32 years on his crusade, leading not only with a sense of moral outrage but also with remarkable skills in mass organising, and working within India’s complex legal system. SKA has grown into a network of 7,000 members in 500 districts across the country. Of the estimated 600,000 scavengers in India, SKA has liberated around 300,000. While Bezwada has placed at the core of his work the dalits’ self-emancipation, he stresses that manual scavenging is not a sectarian problem.”

Mr Wilson was born in Kolar, Karnataka. His grandparents lived in Hyderabad. His surname comes from Vijayawada, which is known as Bezawada. He did his schooling in Kuppam of Chittoor district. Mr Wilson said his forefathers lived in Nellore and Prakasam districts and migrated to Karnataka. “I was born in Kolar and did my primary schooling there. From Class 5 to 10, I studied in Kuppam and shifted to Hyderabad,” he said. In Hyderabad, he completed his graduation in political science, public administration and sociology through correspondence from the Dr B R Ambedkar Open University.

Mr Wilson worked with retired IAS official, the late S.R. Sankaran, till 2010.  Sankaran was known for his work for the uplift of the downtrodden. “I first met S.R. Sankaran in 1992 after his retirement. I requested him to be president of the Safai Karmachari Andolan. He said he would be with us. Till his last breath he was part of the andolan,” he said. National Campaign for Dalit Human Rights General Secretary, Paul Diwakar, who is part of the team at Safia Karmachari Andolan and worked with Mr Wilson said, “This is really a great recognition for the work done by Wilson. After so many years the issue has been recognised by the broader society. Right from his school days he was involved in this movement. In 1988 we had initiated this movement and he led it wonderfully.”

Mr Diwakar said “The highlight of the movement is that he bought all community leaders on one platform where they turned into defenders of the human rights of their people, challenging the system. Their parents migrated to Kolar to find employment but they are forced to do the same task in Karnataka too.” Mr Wilson was one of two Indians, the other being Carnatic singer T.M. Krishna, 40, of Tamil Nadu, chosen for the award for “showing that music can indeed be a deeply transformative force in personal lives and society itself.”

Bhatkal man funded city ISIS cell

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

The National Investigation Agency’s chargesheet filed on Monday against three ISIS operatives from Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka and Maharashtra has revealed that the Hyderabad module of the ISIS was funded by Adnan Hassan, a native of Bhatkal in Karnataka.

The NIA stated in the chargesheet that money had been sent from the United Arab Emirates to India, Tunisia and the Philippines. Hassan funded Hyderabadi youth who tried to flee India to Syria.


The three accused, who were arrested in early 2016 were identified as Sheik Azhar Ul Islam, 24, from Ganderbal in Jammu and Kashmir, Adnan Hassan, 36, from Bhatkal in Karnataka and Mohammed Farhan Shaik, 25, from Mubra in Maharashtra.

They were arrested by the NIA for their involvement in promoting ISIS ideology, inciting others to become members of the ISIS and indulging in terrorist and antinational activities using social media communication apps.

Students are consumers: Forum

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

A judgement by a district consumer forum in Andhra Pradesh against the National Institute of Fashion Technology quoting University Grants Commission guidelines and rulings of the Supreme Court, has once again stated that students of educational institutions are defined as “consumers” under the Consumer Protection Act.

The judgement comes in the backdrop of students and parents complaining that educational institutions do not refund fees when they leave colleges after taking admission or midway; colleges and universities failing to return certificates; lack of amenities; and on quality of education.

The West Godavari District Consumer Forum at Eluru on July 13 ordered NIFT to refund fees it had withheld from a student who had left the college after admission. The forum ruled that as per UGC guidelines, the college can deduct Rs 1,000 if a student left midway but the rest of the fee has to be refunded.

Baljaireddy Sai Krishna, 17, of Eluru filed a complaint in the forum against NIFT director and registrar at Delhi, NIFT director at Madhapur in Hyderabad, and NIFT director at Shillong, Meghalaya. Upon selection, he was to pay a fee of Rs 81,000. He had to report to the NIFT director at Shillong but due to health issues he could not join and informed the NIFT authorities.

“I had not attended a single class. When asked to refund the fees, they said I was entitled only for Rs 5,000 refund. After they credited the amount I approached the forum for refund of Rs 76,000,” the complainant stated.

The NIFT director of Hyderabad contended that the complainant was not a consumer in terms of the definition provided under the Act. NIFT claimed that Rs 5000 had been refunded.

Colleges say candidates exiting early hurts bank
Educational institutions say when a student leaves in the middle of a course, they can’t fill the seat and it results in monetary loss as the student will not pay for the remaining semesters.

They quote earlier SC judgments that education is not a consumer service. In the recent case, NIFT had argued: “Due to complainant’s withdrawal, the institute fails to refill that seat and it remains vacant for four years and it suffers losses of more than the twice the fees per year paid by the student.”

The Madras High Court, in the case of a deemed university vs the district consumer disputes on January 9,  2015, had directed the father of a student to pay the second semester’s fee and the deemed university was directed to hand over the certificates within three days of payment.

The deemed university had approached the HC against the consumer forum’s judgment stating that as per a clause in the application they had issued a transfer certificate and had returned other certificates on payment of fees for the entire course to the tune of `1,77,000. But the father was demanding a full refund.

The HC had said that an unaided institution was entitled to claim the full fee either for the entire course or for the particular year, as the case may be, when a student leaves midway.

NIA cracks ISIS man’s coded message to dad

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

NIA officials has decoded the communications between ISIS terror suspects and their parents with the help of the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-in),

In the case pertaining to the pipe bomb conspiracy involving ISIS suspects from Hyderabad, the communication of one of the main accused, Mohammed Naser from Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu, has been decoded.

According to the NIA’s chargesheet filed in New Delhi’s Patiala Court, after reaching Khartoum in Sudan, Naser had sent a message to his father, Mr Packeer Mohammed, on September 25, 2015. The message didn’t go through but it was forwarded on WhatsApp to Mr Mohammed.

The message read: “Sweet DAD ... Pray for me, for I will never forget you in my prayer and it’s my hope and prayer that we meet again if not in this world then in Jannat, (paradise)... I have reached to the Islamic State (IS). I know it might sound crazy but your son really had to take this step to get out of the corrupt system. There is no come back my father. Don’t go to police as they will torture you and they cannot find me (sic).”

Mr Mohammed had sent an email on September 30, 2015 to his son which read: “Dear Naser, How r u, could u manage with the climate food & shelter there. I m planning to go on vacation so that I can convince ur mum, though I m not going to tell her the truth about u. So far i hadn’t tell anything about u. i intend to say that u gone Jordon for another better job should I need to pay any room rent for sep month. How much I should pay, pls inform (sic).”

On October 5,  2015, Naser wrote to Packeer: “Take care of mom and I’m safe here. What you see in news is propaganda. Life here is wonderful. I want you all to come to Dawlah (Syria). Soon I will give you a number to contact me. If it takes two or three days in replying you, don’t worry. (sic).”

National Investigation Agency probe intoISIS module goes abroad :Letters rogatory issued to United Arab Emirates, US and Sudan.

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

The National Investigation Agency’s (NIA) probe into the ISIS module involving terror suspects from Hyderabad, Bengaluru and Tamil Nadu   has turned into a multi-country probe with the agency issuing Mutual Assistance Legal Treaty (MALT) requests and letters rogatory (letter of request from a court to a foreign court) to the United States, United Arab Emirates and Sudan.

NIA investigations revealed that accused Mohamed Naser, son of Packeer Mohammed of Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu, who was chargesheeted first was arrested in Sudan and deported to India. That led to the   busting of the terror module involving Hyderabadi suspects.

The NIA stated that during the investigation two requests under MALT were forwarded to the USA and UAE, a letter rogatory to Sudan for  collection of documentary as well as digital evidence against  the accused.

“Mohammed Naser had created multiple email, Twitter and Telegram IDs  at different times for the purpose of clandestine communications   with persons who could help him get into Syria and join the ISIS,” the NIA chargesheet said.

 “In this regard a request under MALT has been sent to the US to   obtain relevant contents from email and chat IDs used by terror   suspects,” the chargesheet said.

NIA investigations found that Naser was in touch with Karen Hamidian of the Philippines and Fathima Arenitna and Mad Mullah alias Abu Hatim, outside the country.

The NIA found that before his arrest Naser was interacting with   people identified as Yusha Kashmiri, Siraj Kashmiri alias   Sirajuddin, Dawlah Indaziyah of Nigeria, Abu Hamza al Hind of   Australia, Abu Abdulla Al Britani and Aadhil apart from Hamidan and  Fatima.

During the course of the investigation, the Computer Emergency Response   Team of New Delhi retrieved most of the digital data from the electronic devices seized from Naser.

The data retrieved contained  phone numbers, e-mails, pictures and videos connected to jihadi activities, call logs and pdf files with jihadi literature.

Toll plazas on highway cause huge traffic jams

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

Large traffic jams are being witnessed at the toll gates on National Highway 9, with the number of vehicles increasing by up to 30 per cent ahead of the holiday weekend. GMR authorities said up to 25,000 vehicles cross the Pathangi toll gate on normal days, and this increases by 30 per cent during Sankranti.

GMR officials said 18,000 to 20,000 vehicles, including cars, pass through Chilla-kalu, near Jaggaiahpet, at normal times. This had gone up by up to 6,000 vehicles, mostly cars and buses. “We have deployed more staff at the gates and issuing receipts manually as well,” said a GMR official.


The toll gates are located at Panthangi near Choutuppal, Gorla Pahad near Nakrekal and Chillakallu. The fourth toll plaza at Keesara in Krishna district is owned by a Malaysian firm and also witnesses a bottleneck. Vijayawada native A.B. Kalyan said, “The traffic jam at toll gates is unacceptable. The time saved on the highway is lost at the gates. Sometimes we are stuck for more than 30 minutes at each gate. They should have introduced the RFD chip reading system. Earlier they used to give one ticket for all the three gates but the same was stopped.”

Post SCS debacle, fear is the key word in AP

By Udumula Sudhakar Reddy

“Who fears whom” is now the biggest question in AP politics in the aftermath of the Centre all but rejecting the state’s plea for special category status.
AP Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu, reacting to criticism by his political opponent Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy that he feared Prime Minister Narendra Modi, said he “feared none” and people are (his) high command.
Mr Naidu has not stopped his men from criticising Mr Modi, and TD Anantapur MP J.C. Diwakar Reddy said that Mr Modi “fears” Mr Naidu, and that is why the Centre “wants to crush him.” He said only Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and Mr Naidu are “big leaders who can be an alternative to Mr Modi.”
“Mr Naidu is the biggest political enemy of Mr Modi. The BJP-TD divorce will happen. However, we will abide by the CM’s decision,” Mr Diwakar Reddy said.
MLC Buddha Venkanna alleged that the Prime Minister was “taking revenge on Mr Naidu as he had taken a stand against Mr Modi during the post-Godhra riots.”
Mr Naidu said, “Jagan is speaking like a lunatic. Instead of questioning the Centre for not granting special category status, Jagan is saying cases will be booked against me. If Jagan, who faces CBI and ED corruption cases, doesn’t fear the Centre, will I fear? Chargesheet has been filed against Jagan on Saturday again. I will not be afraid of anyone. I will act as per the will of the people who are my high command,”
Mr Naidu has said that if Mr Modi spends two hours on the issues facing AP, all the problems that the state faces will be resolved. Mr Naidu has reportedly told MPs not to be “fearful of the BJP.” “No one is our relative. We have to fight for the people of AP,” he is believed to have said.
Mr Jagan Mohan Reddy had said that Mr Naidu compromised on the interests of the state “fearing cases and exposure of corruption” in construction of the capital Amaravati, Pattiseema, Sadavarthi ashram land scam and other irregularities.”
Former Congress MP Vundavalli Aruna Kumar said, “When Mr Modi was Gujarat CM, he sat on dharnas. Mr Naidu should question Mr Modi on special status. He should hold a dharna in Delhi. The Centre should tell when the Polavaram project will be completed and when the railway zone for Visakhapatnam will be announced.”